zkDaily - 2026-05-23

零知识证明 zkDaily

ZKP Frontier Tracker 🎯

Sat

05.23

2026

Super-intelligence Survival Guide: Verification via Proof-Carrying Output

Paper

https://eprint.iacr.org/2026/994

Hillel Avni Proof-Carrying Output

Avni et al. introduced the Proof-Carrying Output (PCO) framework in , combining formal proofs, timestamps, and append-only ledgers to provide verifiable and auditable AI outputs.

Notes

Introduces PCO for machine-verifiable AI outputs.
Uses cryptographic commitments and append-only ledgers for accountability.
Provides binding, hiding, temporal ordering, and audit correctness.
Builds on Rocq (Coq), LTL, and STL formal verification tools.
Demonstrates tax, autonomous driving, and recommendation case studies.
Input authenticity and specification correctness are out of scope.

Collected by @icerdesign

零知识证明 zkDaily

Q&A Deep Dive 💬

Sat

05.23

2026

What is Proof-Carrying Output (PCO)?

PCO is an AI output framework where an LLM returns an answer together with a machine-checkable proof verifying compliance with rules.

What is φ-compliance?

φ-compliance means the input and AI output satisfy a machine-checkable predicate φ for automated compliance verification.

What roles do Rocq (Coq) and STL play in PCO?

Rocq is used for formal proofs, while STL/LTL verifies temporal logic and dynamic behavior such as autonomous vehicle compliance.

Prompted by @icerdesign