Notes

• Existing multi-signature schemes have limitations: either no further aggregation or verification requires auxiliary info, hindering use in large-scale systems like PoS blockchains.
• Hint-free multi-signatures support multi-hop aggregation with verification using only public key sets, no extra info needed.
• Previous known construction relied on recursive zkSNARKs, introducing security heuristics or limiting aggregation depth.
• New scheme achieves this without proof recursion in the standard model, normalizing BLS multi-signatures publicly.
• Scheme uses indistinguishability obfuscation, not practical but establishes feasibility for future work.
• Security highlighted: simplifies trust in verification, though current implementation depends on strong cryptographic assumptions.

• 现有多签名方案存在聚合不可再聚合或验证需额外信息的问题，限制其在PoS区块链等大规模系统中的应用
• 无提示多签名支持多跳聚合，验证仅依赖公钥集，无需聚合拓扑等辅助信息
• 先前唯一已知方案依赖递归zkSNARK，存在安全启发式问题或聚合深度限制
• 新方案在标准模型中实现，无需证明递归，通过公开标准化BLS多签名来消除多集依赖
• 方案基于不可区分混淆，虽不实用但证明了原语可行性，为未来实用构造奠定基础
• 安全性问题突出：解决了聚合验证的信任简化，但当前实现依赖强密码学假设